野生兴安杜鹃和迎红杜鹃的园林应用

通过引种栽培,对野生观赏植物兴安杜鹃和迎红杜鹃的栽培管理及园林应用等进行了初步研究,二品种在未来的城市绿地中有很好的应用前景。     

仿栗籽蛋白的提取工艺研究

选择纤维素酶与木瓜蛋白酶复合对仿栗籽蛋白进行提取,以蛋白提取率为指标,在单因素试验的基础上,通过正交试验提取工艺进行优化。结果表明,仿栗籽蛋白的最佳提取工艺条件为:总加酶量500 U/g,纤维素酶与木瓜蛋白酶的酶活力配比5∶5,料液比1∶25,酶解温度60℃,酶解时间120 min,酶解pH8.0。该条件下仿栗籽蛋白提取率为74.33%。     

茶叶籽油改性制备生物柴油工艺研究

以茶叶籽油和甲醇为原料,KOH为催化剂,对酯交换制备生物柴油工艺进行研究。在单因素试验的基础上,通过正交试验得出茶叶籽油制备生物柴油的优化工艺条件为:醇油摩尔比11∶1,KOH用量(占原料油质量的百分比)1.0%,反应温度60℃,反应时间70 min。在此条件下,酯交换率为98.64%,并对所得生物柴油进行红外光谱表征。     

The Impact of Seed Policy Reforms and Intellectual Property Rights on Crop Productivity in India

The growth of private investment in developing‐country agriculture, new advances in the biological sciences, and rapid integration of developing countries into the global trading system has heightened interest in the topic of seed market and intellectual property rights’ (IPRs) policies among public policy‐makers, corporate decision‐makers and other actors in the agricultural sector. But there are still unanswered questions about whether emerging and evolving seed policy reforms and IPR regimes in developing countries will contribute to increasing crop productivity and improving food security. This paper attempts to answer some of these questions by focusing specifically on the case of India, the regional leader in implementing seed policy reforms and IPRs in agriculture. Findings indicate that maize and pearl millet yields grew significantly during the last two decades due partly to the combination of (1) public policies that encouraged private investment in India’s seed industry during the 1980s, and (2) biological IPRs conferred by hybridisation that conveniently married the private sector’s need for appropriability with the nation’s need for productivity growth. Although past lessons are not an indication of future success, this convergence of policy solutions and technology opportunities can be replicated for other crops that are vital to India’s food security.     

云南省南华县野生食用菌流通市场调查、分析与建议

本研究对云南省南华县野生食用菌流通市场进行实地调研,通过对流通市场的环节、主体、渠道、结构四个方面的调查分析,试从该地区野生食用菌流通市场的不足出发,探索从增强野生食用菌资源市场体系的意识;制定法规、检验标准,规范流通市场;探索"产地直销"模式;建立野生食用菌的信贷市场,增强流通主体的实力四个方面发展壮大云南省野生食用菌的流通市场。     

山东省盐碱地野生植物资源调查

对山东省盐碱地野生植物资源进行了调查研究。计有39科88属129种。按照其用途将这些植物划分为食用、药用、饲料用、绿化用及其它用途等5种类型。讨论了其开发利用现状及前景。     

Promoting smallholder seed enterprises: quality seed production of rice,maize, sorghum and millet in northern Cameroon

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) conducted two projects in Cameroon on strengthening rice, and sorghum, maize and millet seed production by smallholder seed enterprises (SSEs). Farmer groups (respectively, 25 SSEs and 114 SSEs) were formed or strengthened and trained. Sixty-six selected lead farmers were trained on the administering and managing of revolving funds. The groups were then linked to the Extension Service (for continuous technical advice), Agriculture Research for Development Institution (continuous supply of needed seed), National Seed Service (seed certification) and to financial institutions (financial support). The results obtained showed that 60 and 59.6 per cent, respectively, of the groups sustained their activities two to three years after the projects ended. Total certified rice seed produced increased to 800 tonnes (t) against 267t at the beginning. For the other cereal project, the total certified seed produced was 719.2t against 497t at its beginning. The use of quality seed rice together with good agronomic practices increased yields (up to 8.0t/ha against a scant 2t/ha before). All interviewed farmers stressed that the seed business was profitable and helped achieve higher living standards and diversify their activities. Seasonal incomes were more than US$1,783.31. Finally, both FAO projects helped generate farmers' income to about US$2,114.871, produced 447,954t of cereal grain and thus improved food security and alleviated poverty. The Cameroonian success could be repeated elsewhere.     

上海市海岛种子植物区系特征分析

上海市海岛共有种子植物314种,隶属于206属69科,其科包含6种分布型,属包含15种分布型。通过对上海市海岛种子植物区系的组成、地理成分、区系特征进行分析,得出主要结论如下：植物区系组成复杂、地理成分多样;广布性成分比例高、呈现出从热带向温带过渡的趋势;滨海植物区系丰富。     

降低压榨油茶籽油中苯并芘含量关键加工技术的研究

针对传统压榨油茶籽油中苯并芘含量超出国家标准限量要求的情况,分析了苯并芘产生的原因和关键步骤,提出降低压榨油茶籽油中苯并芘含量的解决方案.研究表明,通过部分脱壳和控制油茶籽的干燥温度不超过45℃、炒籽不焦糊,压榨后辅以0.1％～0.2％活性炭低温吸附是有效降低压榨油茶籽油中苯并芘含量的关键加工技术.     

碱性蛋白酶提取杜仲籽粕蛋白的工艺优化

采用二次通用旋转组合设计实验优化超声波辅助碱性蛋白酶提取杜仲籽粕蛋白工艺。在单因素实验基础上,选择pH值、碱性蛋白酶用量、酶解温度与酶解时间为考察因素,以杜仲籽粕蛋白提取率为响应值建立回归数学模型,对杜仲籽粕蛋白提取工艺条件进行优化。结果表明,最佳提取工艺条件为：pH10,碱性蛋白酶用量320u／g,酶解温度55℃,酶解时间115rain。在此优化条件下,杜仲籽粕蛋白提取率可迭74．28％。